![]() ![]() In passive ROM, the therapist, the investigator, or another external force, To perform active ROM, the person to be tested moves the assessed joint without assistance using the agonistic musculature. In general, ROM assessments depict either the active ROM or the passive ROM. Depending on the joints to be measured, measuring tapes, goniometers or inclinometers are usually applied 10, 11, 12. With a reproducible test procedure, the ROM value is a parameter to show changes in flexibility in an intervention. However, the current evidence does not allow a determination of precise measurement protocols. Therefore, differences in the measurement protocol with regard to the measured repetitions and previous warm-up exercises, could lead to different results. It can be expected that this acute effect also occurs during the ROM test. It has been shown, that in stretch training, such an acute effect occurs after only a few repetitions and manifests itself among other things in increased mobility, stretch tolerance and reduced passive torque 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Hence, in every execution of the test, a stretching stimulus is applied on the connected muscle–tendon units. The aim of any ROM test is to determine the maximum joint mobility. In general, ROM tests are tools to measure joint mobility on the basis of routine (scientific) procedures 1, 2, 3, 4. In the application of range of motion (ROM) tests there is little agreement on the number of repetitions to be measured and the number of preceding warm-up protocols. Researchers and practitioners should consider this when applying ROM assessments to healthy young adults. Since a non-linear behavior was shown, it is the decision of the practitioner to weigh up between measurement accuracy and expenditure. For those tests, we can state that the acute effect described in the stretching literature also applies to the performance of typical ROM tests. An acute effect was observed in most ROM tests, which is characterized by a gradual decline of ROM gain. A non-linear regression with random effects was successfully applied on FtF, RF, LI-left/right, ST-left and TT-left and thus, indicate a gradual decline in the amount of gained ROM. In seven out of eight ROM tests (five tests in total with three tests measured both left and right sides) significant flexibility gains were observed (FtF: p < 0.001 LI-left/right: p < 0.001/0.001 RF: p = 0.009 ST-left/right: p < 0.001/ p = 0.003 TT-left: p < 0.001). A non-linear regression was then performed to identify a plateau formation. In order to show general acute effects within 20 repetitions we performed ANOVA/Friedman-test with multiple comparisons. Retroflexion of the trunk modified after Janda (RF), Thomas test (TT) and a Shoulder test modified after Janda (ST) were evaluated with a digital inclinometer. Each subject performed five ROM tests in a randomized order-measured either via a tape measure or a digital inclinometer: Tape measure was used to evaluate the Fingertip-to-Floor test (FtF) and the Lateral Inclination test (LI). This study examines the question of whether such an effect occurs in common ROM tests. ![]() With increasing number of repetitions, the gain in ROM is reduced. In stretch training a plateau in ROM gains can be seen after four to five repetitions. ![]()
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